Síndrome de Zollinger Ellison secundario a gastrinoma duodenal: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Zollinger Ellison syndrome secondary to duodenal gastrinoma: a case report and literature review

El síndrome de Zollinger Ellison es una entidad producto de un tumor neuroendocrino hipersecretor de gastrina, que genera acidez gástrica exagerada. Entre el 60 a 90% de los casos se comparta de forma maligna, se observan nódulos metastásicos en 50 a 67% de los casos, y se localizan principalmente en el denominado triángulos de los gastrinomas. Los métodos de imagen convencionales poseen poca sensibilidad en la detección de éstas lesiones, sobre todo para las menores a 1 cm. La endosonografía conjunto a la cintilografía de receptores de Somatostatina, son los métodos de imagen estándar de oro para diagnosticar estas lesiones. Presentamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 57 años, que consultó con pancreatitis aguda, enfermedad ulceropéptica y diarrea, a quien se detectó y estadió una lesión única mediante endosonografía, recibió tratamiento quirúrgico de forma exitosa...

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is a disorder caused by a gastrin hypersecretory neuroendocrine tumor which produces severe gastric acidity. In 60% to 90% of the cases it`s malignant; metastatic nodules are observed in 50% to 67% of the cases, and are located primarily in the so called Gastrinoma triangle. The conventional imaging methods have poor sensibility in detecting these lesions, especially for those that are less than 1 cm. The endosonography conjoint with the Somatostatin receptors scintillography are the standard imaging gold methods to diagnose these lesions. We report the case of a male 57 years-old patient who came to consult with acute pancreatitis, peptic ulcer disease and diarrhea. By endosonography we detected and staged a single lesion. He received surgical treatment successfully...

Apudomas. Parte II. Tumores APUD del pancreas. / Apudoma. Part II - Apud tumors of the pancreas

Most of the digestive tract "APUDomas" originated in cells of the pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans). The islets of Langerhans consist of aproximately one million clusters of cells dispersed among the pancreatic acinar cells. The various islets cells are believed to arise from the neural crest and along with other secretory cells belong to a family of cells designated of the APUD (amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation) series. On the basis of histochemical, ultrastructural and immunofluorescent techniques as well as the hormonal secretory products the islet cells as recognized as consisting of five distinct types: Alpha, Beta, Delta, f and enterochromaffin. Hyperinsulinemia resorting in hypoglycemia is the major clinical manifestation of insulin-producing islets cell tumors (insulinomas). This tumors may be either begin or malignant, the later representing up to 15 percent of the total. They may occur in any part of the gland, but over 60 percent occur in the body and tail of the pancreas. The diagnosis is usually made by finding an abnormally low plasma glucose concentration and an elevated (inappropiate) plasma insulin in the fasting state; but it may be necessary to fast the pacient for 72 hours. In rare instances hypoglycemia may be associated with a normal plasma insulin concentration. In such circunstances the insulin/glucose ratio may be helpful; a ratio in excess of 0.30 is indicative of hyperinsulinism. Once the diagnosis of insulinoma has been made, the tumor should be excised surgically. Gastrinomas (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome are non-beta-cell islet cell tumors which secrete excessive amounts of gastrin. The hallmarks of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome are recurrent and intractable duodena ulcers and diarrhea. In a patient in whom gastrinoma is suspected provocative testing may be necessary to establish the diagnosis